青少年教程 (诗篇*第5课) | 诗篇第51篇

​编者按
这是一套在美国很受欢迎的教材，按年龄共分三部分：0-6岁学龄前儿童教程，6-12岁学龄儿童教程，和12岁以上青少年教程。我们将陆续翻译成中文，分享给大家。
这套教材里的每一篇，无论是教程还是各种活动，都独立成篇，没有先后顺序，大家可以按需要和负担选择使用。
*更多内容：thedoorofsheep.com/青少年 

课程目的

1. 让学生看到，他们需要神的宽恕。

2. 教导学生谦卑，承认自己有罪，并鼓励他们努力跟随神。

3. 鼓励学生为神献上属灵的祭。

主题

信仰，保护

背诵经文

箴言 20:9

开头的祷告(5-10分钟)

团队建造(10分钟)

让我们一起玩“两个真相和一个谎言”的游戏。每个学生讲三个关于自己的事，其中两个是真的，一个是假的。小组的其他成员一起决定哪个是事实哪个是谎言。绕着圈进行，直到每个学生都轮到为止。

课堂起头(5分钟)

一般讨论：

• 有些谎言很容易就被发现？这是为什么？（让学生分享。）

• 上面是否有一些你事先已经知道的事？（让学生分享。）

• 就着从游戏中获得的经验以及你可能已经知道的，现在猜猜本课将讲述什么内容。（收集答案）。

诗篇 51 篇与诗篇中的其他章节大不相同。大卫并没有祈求神给予保护和安全，而是祈求神宽恕他的罪孽。本课讲悔改。

深入学习(30分钟)

我们将一起练习一种古老的阅读圣经的做法，可以帮助大家默想那些有意义的词。我们在本系列中已经做过几次了，这对我们理解很有帮助，特别是对于诗篇等诗歌形式的文字。

我们将用不同的方式一起读4遍这段经文，然后我们将回顾这段经文并讨论其含义。

1. 每个人自己安静地读诗篇 51 篇。

2. 老师大声朗读诗篇 51 篇。

3. 在房间里转着圈让每个人读诗篇 51 篇中的一节经文。

4. 最后让每个人再一次安静地自读一遍诗篇 51 篇。

问题讨论：

1. 诗篇 51 篇让你印象深刻的是什么？（记下各种回答，看他们的观察是否对。）

2. 对这首诗篇来说，哪个词比较重要？（再次，记下各种意见，感谢他们的回答。）

现在我们逐段来读这一篇，将其分解来作进一步研究。

读 诗篇 51:1-4

问题讨论：

1. 过犯与罪是一回事。“涂抹”是什么意思？（去除、洗清等）

2. 罪孽这个词是什么意思？这节经文为何用到这个词？（罪孽是不道德的行为，大卫在这首诗篇中承认自己犯了罪。）

3. 为什么承认你做错了是件好事？（不承认错误是自欺欺人，傲慢自大等）

第 1-4 节谈到承认我们的罪。如果没看到自己犯了错，我们就不会欢迎神进入我们的生活，来拯救我们。不管怎样，祂都会原谅我们，但首先我们必须愿意接受祂。

读 诗篇 51:5-8

问题讨论：

1. 再次阅读第 6 节。这是什么意思？（神希望我们忠信诚实，祂不希望我们背负着罪和内疚。）

2. 牛膝草（第 7 节）是一种常用于古代医学疗法的草药。当大卫祈求神用它来洁净自己时，他是将身体上的治愈与灵里的的治愈联系起来。两者有什么区别？（一个人可以身体健康，但灵里有病，灵里的病并不总是很明显，等等。）

3. 大卫甚至希望那些被神惩罚的人也能欢喜快乐起来，因为神宽恕了我们所有人。你认为，每个人，无论他们的个人价值、罪恶或信仰如何，都应该得到神的宽恕吗？（在这里真正地挑战了学生要诚实。）

读 诗篇 51:9-12

问题讨论：

1. 第 9 节重复了第 1-2 节中的恳求。大卫为什么使用这种重复？（这是一种强调重点的文学手段……他在祈求神的宽恕。）

2. 在第 10 节中，大卫求神“使我里面重新有正直的灵”，说明那灵曾经在他里面，但现在不在了。那灵怎么可能没了？是因为罪？因为不信神？（叛逆导致了关系的破裂，失去信任、亲密相交的破裂，内疚……悔改会重新恢复。）

3. “乐意的灵”怎么能支撑我们（第 12 节）？（愿意悔改、顺服并享受与神的亲密相交，能够支撑我们……如果没有“乐意”，这一切都不会发生。）

第 9-12 节描述大卫祈求神修复他内心的破碎，无论是身体、精神、情感还是灵里。他祈求得到支持，得到满足，不再渴望地上那些毫无价值的东西。

读 诗篇 51:13-16

问题讨论：

1. 在第 13-15 节中，大卫应许在他被洁净和赦免之后，将广传神的名，并歌颂祂的公义。用这些作为交换会更触动神吗？为什么是/不？（不，神的宽恕不需要额外的动机……大卫不是在与神作交易，只是承诺将他生活的重点重新放在神身上。）

2. 根据诗篇 51:16，神不“喜悦”属地的祭物 - 这是为什么呢？（我们可能一边献祭，一边却离神仍然很远……祂要我们把心放在祂身上。）

读 诗篇 51:17-19

问题讨论：

1. 忧伤的灵似乎讨神的喜悦。回顾属地的祭物和属灵的祭物的区别，你的看法有没有改变？为什么神偏爱后者？（因为只有当我们的情感、我们的灵和我们的心都转向祂时，我们才能与祂建立亲密的关系。）

2. 大卫似乎经常回到祭这个话题，包括本章的最后一节。这为什么如此重要？（他生活于一个可见的、仪式性的庆典式的献祭体系中，但他意识到，如果他的心不为神而活，那些做法都是空的。）

应用(15分钟)

让我们再来玩一次前面的游戏，但这次真相/谎言会直接提供给你们。（见下文。）

• 即使我们不悔改，神也会宽恕我们。

• 大卫有智慧、公义，并以耶和华的心为念。

• 无论结果如何，我们都应为神而活，并传扬祂的话。

哪个说法是错的？（征求意见，可能有不同意见）。

第一句是错的。神愿意宽恕我们吗，当然！但悔改是我们跟随耶稣的重要组成部分。

选择四名学生，指定他们每人读一节经文：

使徒行传 2:38、使徒行传 3:19、使徒行传 17:30 和使徒行传 20:21

这些经文教导的是，神要我们所有人在悔改中转向祂。这意味着要承认我们的罪，承诺不再重蹈覆辙，并把我们的一切都托付给祂。

读 路加福音 5:31-32

问题讨论：

1. 路加写这些经文的目的是什么？（向他的读者证明，我们都病了，需要“医生”。我们唯一治愈的希望是耶稣。）

我们都需要一个类似诗篇 51 篇的时刻。我们需要认识到，我们如何背弃了神，我们要寻求祂的宽恕，并努力每天与祂同行。

结束祷告(2分钟)

问大家是否有任何需要祷告的事项，然后为大家作祷告。

**** 英文版 *******

Psalms

Lesson 5: Psalm 51 

LESSON OBJECTIVES

Goals

1. To confront students with their need for God’s forgiveness.

2. To teach students to be humble, recognizing they are sinful and inspiring them to do their best to follow God.

3. To motivate students to be willing to make sacrifices for God.

Topics

Faith, Protection

Scripture Memorization

Proverbs 20:9

OPENING PRAYER (5 to 10 minutes)

GROUP BUILDING (10 minutes)

We are going to play the game “Two Truths and A Lie”. Each student will state three facts about themselves, two of them being true, and one being false. The rest of the group will work together to decide which fact is the lie. Go around the circle until each student has taken their turn.

GETTING STARTED (5 minutes)

General Discussion:

• Were some of the lies easy to detect? Why do you think that is? (Allow students to share.)

• Were the facts shared, some that you already knew? (Allow students to share.)

• Take your experience from the game and what you may already have known and guess what you think the chapter will be about. (Gather answers).

Psalm 51 is a chapter much different than the others in its book. Rather than David asking God for protection and safety, he asks for forgiveness of his sins. This chapter talks about repentance.

DIGGING IN (30 minutes)

We’re going to practice something known as Lectio Divina together. This is an ancient practice for reading Scripture that helps you meditate on the meaningful words. We’ve done it a couple times in this series already, and it’s helpful to our understanding, particularly with poetic literature such as Psalms.

We’ll read this passage together 4 times in different ways, then we’ll go back through the passage and have some discussion about what it means.

1. Have everyone read Psalm 51 to themselves quietly.

2. As the leader, read Psalm 51 a second time out loud.

3. Go around the room and ask each person to read a single verse from Psalm 51.

4. Have everyone read Psalm 51 to themselves quietly one last time.

Discussion Questions:

1. What struck you about Psalm 51? (Take opinions, validating each student’s observations.)

2. What’s a word that you think is important to this psalm? (Again, take students opinions, appreciating them for their contribution.)

Now we will go through the chapter again, breaking it apart and looking further into its meaning.

Read Psalm 51:1-4

Discussion Questions:

1. Transgressions are the same thing as sins. What do you think it means to “blot them out”? (Remove, cleanse, etc.)

2. What do you think the word iniquity means? How does that apply to the verse? (Iniquity is immoral behavior, something David admits to in this psalm.)

3. Why is it good to acknowledge that you have done wrong? (To not admit our wrongdoing is lying to ourselves, it is arrogant and prideful, etc.)

Verses 1-4 talks about acknowledging our sins. Without seeing that we have made mistakes, we cannot welcome God into our lives to save us. He will forgive us no matter what, but we must be willing to accept Him.

Read Psalm 51:5-8

Discussion Questions:

1. Read verse 6 again. What do you think it means? (God wants us to be faithful, He wants us to not be spotted with sin and guilt.)

2. Hyssop (verse 7) is a herb that was commonly used in ancient medical remedies. When David asks God to cleanse him with it, he is associating physical healing with spiritual. What is the difference between the two? (One can be physically well but spiritually sick, spiritual sickness isn’t always evident, etc.)

3. David wishes for even those who God has punished to rejoice, because the Lord forgives all of us. Do you believe that everyone, no matter their worth, sin, or beliefs, deserves to receive God’s forgiveness? (Really challenge students to be honest here.)

Read Psalm 51:9-12

Discussion Questions:

1. Verse 9 repeats pleadings included in verses 1-2. Why do you think David uses this kind of repetition? (It is a literary device to provide emphasis…he is begging God for forgiveness.)

2. In verse 10, David asks God to “renew the steadfast spirit within him”, saying that the spirit was once in him but is no longer there. How could the spirit have been lost? Through sin? Disbelief in God? (Rebellion leads to a compromised relationship, loss of trust, break in fellowship, and guilt…repentance leads to restoration.)

3. How could a mere “willing spirit" sustain us (verse 12)? (It is a willingness to repent, obey, and enjoy close fellowship with God that does the sustaining…none of which can happen without willingness.)

Verses 9-12 describe David asking God to fix what has been broken inside of him, whether physical, mental, emotional, or spiritual. He asks to be sustained, to be satisfied, and to no longer yearn for the worthless entities of earth.

Read Psalm 51:13-16

Discussion Questions:

1. In verses 13-15 David promises to spread the word of God’s reputation after he is cleansed and forgiven, along with singing of his righteousness. Would being promised something in exchange be more motivating to God? Why or why not? (No, God’s forgiveness does not require additional motivation…this is not a deal David is making with God, just a commitment to refocus his life around God.)

2. According to Psalm 51:16, God does not “delight in” earthly sacrifices — why do you think that is? (We can make great sacrifices, but our heart still be far from God…what He desires is for our hearts to be set on Him.)

Read Psalm 51:17-19

Discussion Questions:

1. Emotional sacrifices seem to please God. Looking back to the question of the difference between physical and emotional sacrifice, did your opinion change? Why do you think God prefers the latter? (Because it is when our emotions, our spirit, and our hearts are tuned to Him that we are in close relationship to Him.)

2. David seems to return to the topic of sacrifice often, including in the last verse of the chapter. Why is it so important? (He lived in a sacrificial system that was visible and ceremonial and celebrated, but he is recognizing that those practices are empty if his heart isn’t set on living for God.

MAKING IT REAL (15 minutes)

We are going to play the opening game again, but this time the truths/lies will be provided. (See below.)

• God forgives us even if we don’t repent.

• David was wise, righteous, and had his heart set on the Lord.

• We should live our lives for God and spread His word no matter the consequence.

Which statement was false? (Ask for opinions, there may be disagreement).

The false statement was the first one. Is God willing to forgive us, of course! But repentance is a huge part of our experience in following Jesus.

Select four students and assign each of them one of the verses to read aloud:

Acts 2:38, Acts 3:19, Acts 17:30, and Acts 20:21

What these verses teach is that God asks all of us to turn to Him in repentance. This means admitting our sin, committing to not repeat that sin, and trusting him with all that we are.

Read Luke 5:31-32

Discussion Questions:

1. What do you think Luke intended when he wrote these verses? (To demonstrate to his readers that we are all sick and in need of a “doctor.” Our only hope for healing is Jesus.)

We all need a Psalm 51 moment. We need to recognize how we’ve failed God, seek him for his forgiveness, and make commitments to walk with him daily.

CLOSING PRAYER (2 minutes)

Ask for any prayer requests and then pray for the group.

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